ScienceDaily (Aug. 22, 2010) — In a learn of egg evil by,by means of time-lapse microscopy, checkup at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research contain exposed an unusual possessions of meiosis - cell separation so as to content reproductive evil in sexually reproducing organisms. The discovery of an "inside out" device by construct egg cell chromosomes divide as of every additional may hut glow on mistakes complete in chromosome distribution so as to can guide to Down syndrome, far above the ground miscarriage tax in humans, and the age-related reduce in fertility in person females.
Their findings are obtainable in the September issue of Nature Cell Biology. Sexual reproduction speciousness on the merger of chromosomes there in the sperm and egg at fertilization. Formation of sperm and egg evil characteristic the procedure of meiosis, construct halves the chromosome figure of every parent, so so as to the sperm-egg merger regenerates a cell by means of two copies of every chromosome. The decrease of chromosome figure in meiosis is accomplished from side to side two divisions with no an intervening duplication of the genome. Both meiotic and mitotic divisions need particular lethal polymers attract microtubules. These polymers are organized eager on a football-shaped spindle by means of the polymer trimmings embedded in a particular organelle - attract the centrosome - at every end of the football. Egg cells, however, are unusual in so as to contain be small of centrosomes, and in its place use a spindle so as to is self-organized as of microtubules. Egg cells, particularly in humans, are prone to mistakes in dividing the chromosomes throughout meiosis; mistakes construct consequence in reproductive evils in humans genuine as Down syndrome, infertility and miscarriages. Researchers led by Arshad Desai, PhD, professor of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and investigator by means of the Ludwig Institute at UC San Diego, second-hand the roundworm C. elegans, as a replica to learn egg cell division. Julien Dumont, a postdoctoral fellow in the Desai lab, urbanized occasion lapse microscopy aptitude to watch egg cell meiosis by means of far above the ground precision. The best time to learn about is before you're in the thick of things. Wise readers will keep reading to earn some valuable experience while it's still free.Prior to petroleum study, dividing cell chromosomes now consideration to go,shift separately by hardness on the microtubule polymers and moving eager on the trimmings of the spindle, similar to a being hardness himself up on a rope. But the UCSD checkup exposed that, in C. elegans egg cells, chromosome go,shift separately by existence form pushed in the center - the majority probable lady by the growth of microtubule polymers recognized by the chromosome halves. "This judgment suggests so as to egg evil use a particular device for meiotic chromosome separation," supposed Desai. "Since defects in egg cell meiosis underlie infertility in humans, it determination be significant for prospect investigate to talk to consequences genuine a device is too operating in person females." Karen Oegema, PhD, professor at the Ludwig Institute and the UCSD Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine was a co-contributor to the paper. This investigate was supported by ants as of Human Frontiers Science Program, the National Institutes of Health and funding as of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research.
Story Source:
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Journal Reference:
- Julien Dumont, Karen Oegema &Arshad Desai. A kinetochore-independent device drives anaphase chromosome separation throughout acentrosomal meiosis. Nature Cell Biology, 2010; DOI: 10.1038/ncb2093
Note: If no author is given, the basis is cited instead.
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